Mosquitoes are rampant in summer, beware of Japanese encephalitis

There is a kind of insomnia called mosquitoes thinking about you

The temperature is high at night in summer. I know who is good to us. Mosquitoes are too abominable. Even if they suck blood, they will deliberately fly to their ears to wake you up.

The hated mosquito can also transmit a variety of diseases. Epidemic encephalitis B is a serious central nervous system disease transmitted by mosquito vectors. Japanese encephalitis has a rapid onset, rapid progress, and varying degrees of symptoms. Most of them are light or recessive infections. The typical clinical symptoms are mainly high fever, disturbance of consciousness, convulsions, respiratory failure and other symptoms. Severe cases can lead to death. About 30% of severe patients will leave serious sequelae, causing heavy mental and economic burden to the society and family.

Summer rain, mosquitoes are rampant, is the high incidence of Japanese encephalitis season. The number of reported cases of encephalitis B gradually increased from May to October. Among them, the number of cases in July-September accounted for more than 90%, and it is now the epidemic period.

Severe sequelae of encephalitis B
So far, there is no specific medicine for the treatment of JE, so timely vaccination of JE vaccine is the most effective measure to prevent and control JE. Although Japanese encephalitis vaccine has been widely used in the world, about 67900 people still suffer from the disease every year, causing about 13600-20400 deaths. It is estimated that about 24 countries have reported cases of Japanese encephalitis, and the overall incidence rate is about 1.8/100000. The disability rate of JE is extremely high, and about 30% of critically ill patients have severe physical, psychological, neurological or intellectual disabilities.

The follow-up of Japanese encephalitis cases found that nearly half of the patients had at least one neurological, mental or psychological sequelae, mainly manifested as limited movement or dysfunction, memory and understanding loss, learning ability decline and mental retardation or disorder.

The mortality and disability rate of JE were high. Patients need to bear the high cost of treatment and long-term treatment of sequelae, and the burden caused by JE should not be underestimated. Therefore, we must be vaccinated against Japanese encephalitis in time. At present, there are two kinds of Japanese encephalitis vaccine used in China: one is live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine, and the other is inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine. Both vaccines are recommended for use in the National Expanded Programme on Immunization. Live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine belongs to the immunization program vaccine (I. e. free vaccine), and inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine belongs to the non-immunization program vaccine, which is voluntarily vaccinated at its own expense.

Precautions for vaccination of encephalitis B vaccine

Vaccination contraindication of live attenuated encephalitis B vaccine

Allergy to vaccine components;

2, suffering from acute diseases, serious chronic diseases, acute exacerbation of chronic diseases and fever;

(3) pregnant women;

4, immune deficiency, low immune function or are receiving immunosuppressive treatment (can not be vaccinated live attenuated vaccine);

5, suffering from encephalopathy, uncontrolled epilepsy and other progressive neurological diseases.

In addition, these conditions should be used with caution: family and personal history of convulsions, chronic diseases, epilepsy, allergies, lactating women.

Inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine can be selected for immunodeficiency, immunodeficiency or immunosuppressive therapy.

Vaccinated, even if the trick is easier to recover

Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent Japanese encephalitis, but it does not mean that you will not get sick after vaccination. However, after investigation, it is found that people who have been vaccinated with Japanese encephalitis vaccine, even if they have Japanese encephalitis, their symptoms will be relatively mild, and it is easier to control the disease after timely symptomatic treatment, and they can fully recover or leave only minor sequelae.

In addition, according to statistics, adult patients with Japanese encephalitis are more likely to have sequelae than young children or children; patients with a history of immunization are not easy to have sequelae or relatively mild. Therefore, adults who have not been vaccinated with Japanese encephalitis vaccine when they were young, especially those with poor physical fitness, or those who are exposed to more outdoor exposure in summer, can also consider vaccinating Japanese encephalitis inactivated vaccine at their own expense.

With the widespread use of Japanese encephalitis vaccine, the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis has been effectively controlled. However, a disease like Japanese encephalitis, which may cause lifelong motor ability and intellectual impairment, once contracted, is a 100% disaster and severe injury for a family, and may carry a heavy mental and economic burden for life. Parents should take their children to be vaccinated against Japanese encephalitis in time, take anti-mosquito and anti-mosquito measures, maintain good sanitary conditions, and stay away from Japanese encephalitis.

References:

1. China Vaccines and Immunization Volume 26, Issue 1, February 2020

2. Health Expo 2019 Issue 08.