The 2022 National Patriotic Health Campaign Conference invited Wang Huanyu, director of the Insect Media Office of the Institute for Viral Disease Prevention and Control of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, to attend the event to share the topic of Japanese encephalitis prevention and control, and let us enter the popular science of Japanese encephalitis together.

Speaking of the harm of mosquitoes, we all know that mosquitoes bite people and suck blood, disturb people, affect people's rest and sleep, and thus affect the quality of life and work. In fact, mosquitoes are far more harmful than these.According to statistics from the World Health Organization, about 700000 people die each year from diseases caused or transmitted by mosquito bites, and mosquitoes rank first among animals that cause human deaths.

Mosquitoes spread a variety of mosquito-borne diseases through bites, causing people to become infected and even lead to death. Mosquito-borne infectious diseases are natural focus diseases transmitted by vector mosquitoes. Common infectious diseases are epidemic encephalitis B, malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever and other more harmful infectious diseases. In particular, epidemic encephalitis B, referred to as Japanese encephalitis, is often said"Encephalitis" is an acute infectious disease transmitted by mosquito bites and circulates in nature. Japanese encephalitis virus invades the parenchyma of the brain, causing irreversible damage, which can cause high fever, disturbance of consciousness, convulsions and other symptoms, severe respiratory failure and even death. The mortality rate of Japanese encephalitis is as high as 5%-30%, and 30%-50% of the survivors have serious neurological sequelae such as memory impairment, intellectual disability, paralysis, aphasia, and epilepsy, which cause a heavy burden on the family.

The population is generally susceptible to Japanese encephalitis virus, and both children and adults can develop the disease. In recent years, the incidence of Japanese encephalitis in adults has a rising trend. Currently around the world.The 3.4 billion population is in the epidemic area of Japanese encephalitis. Japanese encephalitis has the characteristics of high mortality and high disability rate, which has become an important public health problem in Southeast Asia and Western Pacific region, and the actual epidemic situation of Japanese encephalitis may be underestimated.

Japanese encephalitis can be prevented by preventing mosquitoes, killing mosquitoes and improving environmental hygiene, but the most effective means of prevention is vaccination against Japanese encephalitis. At present, there are two kinds of Japanese encephalitis vaccines in China, inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine and live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine, which are recommended by the state.